BIOAVAILABILITY OF CADMIUM 
    Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)
    pH
    Soil Amendments
    Competitive Cations
    Fertilizer
    Mycorrhizae
    Chelation
       Phytochelatins (PCs)
       Phytochelatin Effectiveness
       Role of Sulfur in PCs
       Oxidative Stress
       Translocation
       Metallothioneins
       Organic Acids
       EDTA / EGTA

CADMIUM TOLERANCE AND
ACCUMULATION IN PLANTS
    Cell Wall Binding
    Reduced Transport
    Compartmentalization
    Chelation
    Phytoextraction factors
       Table 1.  Plant Accumulation
       Hyperaccumulators

CONCLUSIONS

LINKS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

PC Effectiveness

     PCs have been shown to complex cations, especially Cd2+, and render them less harmful to the plant cell (Weigel and Jager, 1980). A strong correlation was found between PC content and Cd tolerance in tomato cells. PCs are vital in Cd detoxification in A. thaliana (Howden, et al. 1995). The ultimate fate of PC-Cd complexes is deposition into root cell vacuoles by active transport (Vogeli-Lange, et al. 1990).
 

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