Methodology and Instrumentation

Experimental Methodology

Instrumentation

CSU Continuous flow diffusion chamber (activate ice formation on atmospheric aerosol particles)

Laboratory counterflow virtual impactor (extract the nucleated ice crystals)

(See Cziczo et al., Aerosol Sci. Technol., 37 (5), 460-470, 2003; Boulter et al., Aerosol Sci. and Technol., 40:969–976, 2006)

Particle Analysis by Laser Mass Spectrometry (single particle composition)

Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (aerosol particle composition)

Humidified Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (water uptake by ambient aerosol)

IMPROVE (bulk aerosol composition)

An IMPROVE sampler will be operated for daily particle analysis during the April 2004 intensive operations period.

Cloud Condensation Nuclei (Professor Jeff Snider, U. Wyoming)

Back to Physical and Chemical Impacts on the Ice Nucleating Properties of Atmospheric Particles in Springtime