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AEJMC Public Relations Division Membership Newsletter

Vol. 38, No. 3, Summer 2003


In this issue:


Members Making a Difference

Ken Plowman
Brigham Young University
plowman@byu.edu

PR Division members! We are pleased you are with us. You make the division a success.I was a lowly Ph.D. student the last time we met in Kansas City in '92 or '93. So, yes, you can make a difference with your participation.

It was also the last time we had Inez Kaiser with us since she lives in Kansas City. She will be with us again for the minority graduate student awards named in her honor during our the BillAdams/Edelman Luncheon. (She was the first minority owner of a public relations agency and she still runs it in her 80s.) Thanks go to Marilyn Kern-Foxworth for getting her for us.

  • BILL ADAMS/EDELMAN LUNCHEON
    You may have noticed that I used the term, Bill Adams/Edelman Luncheon. With the consent of Edelman, we have co-named the luncheon in Bill's honor, and in his memory, Don Stacks will moderate this year. John Edelman will speak on "Setting the Standard for Quality."

  • KAISER AWARD
    Our Inez Kaiser chair, Leah Simone, also wanted me to thank this year's 19 sponsors. These $60 sponsorships provide each of 19 graduate students of color with a free, one-year membership in AEJMC and the PR Division.

  • ROSCHWALB AWARD
    - Congratulations go to Purdue's Katerina Tsetsura, recipient of the Susanne A. Roschwalb Award, for her project, "Social Construction of Identity by Female Russian Public Relations Practitioners." Just as the field in the U.S. has become predominated by women, so has it evolved in Russia and Eastern Europe.

    Roschwalb co-chairs Meg Lamme and Phyllis Larsen explain that Katerina seeks to fill in a gap in our body of knowledge concerning the rise of PR in emerging democracies while showing how self-representations of Russian PR women "are influenced by their everyday social interaction." Katerina will apply the $250 travel grant to her 2003 summer research, in which she will collect qualitative data from women in five Russian cities.

    The Roschwalb Award is designed to offset the cost of travel associated with international study or research during the academic year. It was established in 1996 in memory of Susanne A. Roschwalb, who died at age 56 from complications related to breast cancer. Roschwalb, an associate professor at American University and a PR practitioner, was an active member of the PRD.

  • CONVENTION HIGHLIGHTS
    Pat Curtin, Division vice head and programs chair, has announced several other highlights of the conference program, beginning with an informal social at the pre-conference. That evening, in conjunction with the Advertising Division and the Internships and Careers Interest Group, is a dinner, speech and book-signing by Al Reis, author of The Fall of Advertising and the Rise of PR. Pat was able to add a couple of research sessions because of the quality of submissions this year. Also, an addition to the scholar-to-scholar session is an award for the best visual display of research in the PR Division.

  • ELECTION RESULTS
    Congratulations go to Chuck Lubbers, Alan Freitag and Andi Stein for their election to PRD leadership positions; see p. 6 for election results. And special thanks should go to Susan Gonders for this newsletter and for giving us some continuity in many of our programs.

    So, members and potential members of the PR Division: Come join in fellowship. Regardless of what stage you are in your career, we are trying to promote camaraderie in Kansas City!

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    Five Jam-Packed Days in Kansas City

    Vice Head and Programs Chair
    Patricia A. Curtin
    University of North Carolina-Chapel HillM
    pcurtin@email.unc.edu

    The PR Division has five jam-packed days of programming lined up for Kansas City this summer.

  • PRECONFERENCE
    Plan to attend this networking roundtable session and share ideas with professionals and other academics about how to teach and practice in our changing world environment. Afterward, hear Al Reis talk about his best-selling book, The Fall of Advertising and The Rise of PR.

  • RESEARCH
    Response to the teaching and research paper calls was so overwhelming that two new research sessions have been added and four more slots have been added to our showing in the scholar-to-scholar session. New this year is an award for the best visual display of research in this session.

  • LUNCHEONS AND SOCIALS
    To honor Bill Adams, the luncheon has been renamed the Bill Adams/Edelman luncheon. Contact Teresa Mastin to reserve your spot because spaces are limited. And don't forget our informal social the day of the preconference and our more formal gathering on Thursday just before the members meeting.

  • PANELS AND MINIPLENS
    We have a diverse and exciting lineup of nine programs this year, covering issues from integrated curricula to international relations to strategic research.

  • OPPORTUNITIES TO GET INVOLVED
    The members meeting on Thursday night and the incoming executive committee meeting on Friday morning are open opportunities for all to get involved in the Division. If you're interested in helping make the Division more responsive and dynamic, just show up.

  • OTHER NEWS
    The Public Relations Division sponsored a panel on "Where the Girls Are: Pedagogical Issues Surrounding the Female Majority in Journalism and Mass Communications Classrooms" at the AEJMC Southeast Colloquium in Little Rock, Arkansas. Despite an early morning Saturday time slot, the panel drew 15 attendees, or about 20 percent of the total conference participants. Discussion was lively, and all agreed it was one of the most valuable sessions of the conference.

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    2003 Convention Schedule

    PRD Convention Events

    AEJMC's Day-by-Day Convention Schedule

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    Papers Accepted for Presentation

    Aldoory, Linda (Maryland), and Elizabeth Toth (Syracuse), "A (Re)conceived Feminist Paradigm for Public Relations and its Application to the Theory or Organization-Public Relationships"

    Bae, Jiyang, and Margarete Rooney (Florida), "The Relationship Between Corporate Philanthropic Activity and Corporate Financial Impact: Getting Beyond the Inconsistent Results of Previous Studies"

    Boynton, Lois A. (North Carolina), "The Gray Areas of Ethical Decision-Making"

    Callison, Coy (Texas Tech), "The Good, the Bad and the Ugly of How the General Public Views PR Practitioners: The Results of a Hybrid Survey/ Experiment Employing a Nationwide Sample"

    Carden, Ann R. (SUNY-Fredonia), "The Use of Persuasive Appeals and Public Relations in the Travel/Tourism Industry Post 9/11"

    Collins, Erick L., Christopher S. McDonald and Michael Witkoski (South Carolina), "When (Professional Worlds Collide: The Implications of Kasky v. Nike for Public Relations Practice"

    Dutta-Bergman, Mohan J. (Purdue), "Describing Volunteerism: The Theory of Unified Responsibility"

    Freitag, Alan R., and Gaelle Picherit-Duthler (North Carolina-Charlotte), "A Public Relations View of Employee Benefits Communication: Proposing a Cooperative Approach to a Traditional Human Resources Arena"

    Gaither, T. Kenn (North Carolina), "Nation Building, Branding, and Boosterism in Cyberspace: A Quantitative Content Analysis of Sub-Saharan African Presient Websites"

    George-Palilonis, Jennifer, Robert S. Pritchard and Betsy Hatch (Ball State), "Integrating Editorial Presentation and Public Relations Publications: New Frontiers for Convergence and Collaborative Learning"

    Groves, Ethnie, and Jennifer Greer (Nevada-Reno), "Congressional Press Secretaries: A Survey of their Relationships with Reporters and Views on Media Coverage"

    Huang, Yi-Hui (National Cheng-Chi University-Taiwan), "PRSA: Scale Development for Exploring the Cross-Cultural Impetus of Public Relations Strategies"

    Jo, Samsup (Florida), "How to measure organization-public relationships: Measurement validation in a company-retailer relationship"

    Kang, Seok, and Hanna E. Norton (Arkansas Tech), "Nonprofit Organizations' Use of the World Wide Web: Are They Sufficiently Fulfilling Organizational Goals?"

    Ki, Eyun-Jung (Florida), "Relationship Maintenance Strategies on Websites"

    Kim, Hyo-Sook (Maryland), "Examining the PRSA Code of Ethics: Toward Ethical Advocacy"

    Kim, Jeesun, Soobum Lee and ByengHee Chang (Florida), "Exploring the Effects of Organization-Public Relationships (OPRS) on Attitude toward the Organization, Brand, and Purchase Intention"

    Lee, Cheolhan (Missouri), "Exploring Public Relations Agency Roles in Korea: An Application of Grunig's Excellence Theory"

    Lee, Jonghyuk, and Dan Berkowitz (Iowa). "Media Relations in Korea: Cheong between Journalist and PR Practitioner"

    Luo, Yi (Maryland), "Practicing Public Relations in China: A Case Study of a Multinational Public Relations Firm"

    Martinson, David (Florida International), "Utilizing John Rawl's 'A Theory of Justice' to Examine the Social Utility of Contemporary Public Relations"

    Moore, Jenson, and Terry Kinney (Minnesota), "Third-Party Endorsement Influence on Perceptions of Social Marketing Campaign Attitudes, Credibility, Effectiveness, and Involvement"

    Neibergall, Betsy (Minnesota), "Treading Through a Crisis: Exploring How Bridgestone/Firestone and the Media Framed an Issue and an Image"

    Newman, Kim (Syracuse). "The Influence of Gender on Publicity and Media Relations: Differences in Discourse"

    Palenchar, Michael J., and Robert L. Heath (Florida), "Protracted Strategic Risk Communication: Longitudinal Analysis of a Community's Zones of Meaning"

    Pontiff, Danielle C. (Louisiana-Lafeyette), "Communicating for Technical Change: Business-to-Business Communication with Small Manufacturing Firms"

    Popescu, Cristina (Florida), "Legitimate Strategy versus Smoke Screen: Framing Philip Morris' Name Change to Altria"

    Porter, Lance V. (Walt Disney Co.), and Lynne Sallot (Georgia), "Web Power: Examining Practitioners' World Wide Web Use and Its Effects on Their Decision-Making Power in Public Relations"

    Qui, Qi, and Glen T. Cameron (Missouri), "Symmetric Stance Versus Asymmetric Public Relations Strategy: A Case Study of Corporate Social Responsibility Programs"

    Reber, Bryan H., and Chandler Harriss (Alabama), "Building Public Relations Definitions: Identifying Typologies Among Practitioners and Educators"

    Shaw, Thomasena, and Candace White (Tennessee), "Is Media Relations All There Is To Public Relations? Differences In Perceptions Between Public Relations and Journalism Educators"

    Wang, Alex (Emerson), "The Effects of Consumer Knowledge on Information Processing Toward the PR Editorials"

    Werder, Kelly Page (South Florida), "An Empirical Analysis of the Influence of Perceived Attributes of Publics on Public Relations Strategy Use and Effectiveness"

    Yang, Sung-Un, and James E. Grunig (Maryland), "Organization-Public Relationships, Organizational Representations, and the Overall Evaluation of Organizational Performance: A Causal Model"

    Zhang, Juyan (Missouri), "Press Release and World System: How the U.S. Major Newspapers Use Press Releases from Different Countries?"

    Zhao, Xinshu (North Carolina), Hyun Seung Jin (Kansas State) and Soontae An (Kansas State), "Using Celebrity Endorsers to Increase Publicity Effects of Marketing Communications"

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    In Situ Research

    In Situ Editor
    William Thompson
    University of Louisville
    LocusMedia@aol.com

    In the winter 2003 issue, Tom Duncan, Colorado-Boulder, compared integrated marketing communication (IMC) to customer relationship management (CRM) and concluded that IMC "is a better platform to leverage the power of public relations."

    In this issue's "in situ" column, Patricia Swann responds to Duncan, drawing a valuable lesson about the role of time in distinguishing the value of public relations in an integrated marketing setting. Time, which I often tell my students is the fourth dimension of public relations, differentiates the ethical goals of public relations from the short-term effects that Professor Swann feels too often motivate the other components of the integrated marketing mix.

    If long-term survivability and adaptation to changing consumer attitudes is a positive business principle, then an aggressive effort to inculcate public relations values as well as public relations tools into an integrated campaign is needed.

    It's easy to find out what our colleagues were thinking about two years ago. The best of it is easily accessible through a literature search. But it's far more difficult to find what scholars are thinking about now. The Public Relations Division's in situ research provides a forum for us to share and refine ideas and to discover collaborators.

    If you would like to write an in situ research note of 300-500 words, or if you would like to comment on a topic previously published in this forum, send a plain-text e-mail to SGonders@hotmail.com.

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    IMC Revisited

    Patricia Swann
    Utica (New York) College
    pswann@utica.edu

    What are the issues that public relations teachers should be thinking about with regard to integrated marketing communication? The debate has been ongoing for more than a decade, especially within academe, as public relations and marketing/advertising faculty debate competing concerns, while advertising agencies and other potential employers pressure for more practical skills.

    Integrated marketing communication (IMC), as defined by "Value-Added Public Relations" author Thomas Harris, is the "strategic coordination of all the elements of a marketing campaign." In IMC, marketing and public relations departments working in concert are more efficient and effective in their marketing communication efforts; the result is that more products or services are sold and the organization advances its mission to sell a product or service to make a profit. In one sense, this relates to the role of public relations to help "achieve institutional goals" as defined by the Public Relations Society of America's official statement on public relations.

    To fill this role, public relations students should better understand the "business of business," including marketing, advertising, economics and other business basics. A solid understanding of business also helps new public relations practitioners gain access to the organization's management ranks, where they can counsel management more effectively on public relations issues.

    It's also important because many business schools seem to view public relations as unnecessary to their curriculum. Most master of business administration degrees can be obtained without taking any communication courses; according to one study, just 16 percent of business programs offer courses in public relations ("The Business of Teaching PR," PRWeek, Sept. 16, 2002). Public relations students should be forewarned of this apparent lack of understanding of public relations' true organizational role: building and maintaining mutually beneficial relationships with key publics that can make or break an organization.

    While IMC attempts to build a bridge of appreciation and understanding between public relations and marketing, many IMC textbooks relegate the function of public relations to the back of the book and focus on publicity and corporate image tactics. From this perspective, public relations simply becomes another tool in the marketer's tool bag to sell a product or service. What would be helpful are textbooks written by public relations and business professionals who understand the true value of public relations beyond third-party endorsements and special events. While coordinated efforts between marketing and public relations for selling products or services make sense, integration of the organizational functions does not.

    Public relations needs to maintain its independence from the marketing function to keep an objective eye on the big picture. Public relations practitioners should function as the conscience of the organization and counsel management to do the right thing when short-term profits look more appealing. Practitioners know that effective public relations—the secret to lasting customer relationships—is based on a two-way symmetrical model, where mutual understanding and an organization's ability to adapt in socially responsible ways are key.

    Professionals in the field may feel such a theory-based approach is a nicety ("Clients want results, not Utopia"), but public relations educators, while realizing the benefits of business knowledge and skills, should seek ways to promote the value of long-term relationship building and ethical behavior – honesty, social responsibility and fairness – as public relations' most valuable assets. Once these "niceties" are viewed as necessities, public relations bread-and-butter tactics, such as publicity and event planning, will have true value in an IMC course.

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    Division Elects Lubbers, Freitag, Stein

    When Patricia A. Curtin of North Carolina-Chapel Hill and Teresa Mastin of Michigan State move up to the positions of Division head and vice head at the AEJMC Convention in Kansas City, they will be joined by three newly elected officers. Charles "Chuck" Lubbers of Kansas State will become vice head-elect, Alan Freitag of North Carolina-Charlotte will be secretary-treasurer, and Andi Stein of California State-Fullerton will be the Division's elected delegate.

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    PRD HISTORY #4: The Heads & Eds

    Compilation of the history of Public Relations Division heads and editors began in summer 2002 and continues in this issue with some of the editors of the three PRD publications.

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    Journal of Public Relations Research

    As with much of the field's scholarship, the first decade (1984-94) of the Division's journals began with James Grunig of Maryland. After serving as 1978-79 Division head, he was 1984-85 editor of Public Relations Research and Education. When Larissa Grunig served as 1989-90 Division head, she and Jim revived the journal as the Public Relations Research Annual. They were 1989-91 co-editors of the Annual and 1991-94 co-editors of the Journal of Public Relations Research. Elizabeth Toth of Syracuse was 1987-88 Division head and 1995-2000 editor. Since 2000, the Journal has been edited by Linda Hon of Florida.

    2000-present Journal Editor
    LINDA CHILDERS HON

    University of Florida (1992-present) Ph.D. University of Maryland (1992) • M.A. University of Florida (1986) • B.A. Stetson University (1984)

    Hon follows in the Grunigs' footsteps as a Maryland graduate, the current editor of the journal they founded, and a prolific scholar. She is an associate professor of public relations and a University of Florida Research Foundation professor. She is also the graduate coordinator for the public relations master's program at UF. Her main teaching areas are PR strategy, campaigns, research and theory.

    Research interests include gender, diversity, evaluation, and relationship management in PR. She is the author of Women in Public Relations: How Gender Influences Practice. Her work has been published in the Journal of Public Relations Research, Public Relations Strategist, Journal of Applied Communications, Journal of Asian Pacific Communications, Journal of Communication Management, IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication and in the Public Relations Annual. She is also an author of chapters in Excellence in Public Relations and Communication Management, as well as a monograph from the Institute for Public Relations.

    Hon is the recipient of numerous teaching and research awards, including the Institute for Public Relations' 2000 Pathfinder Award.

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    Quarterly Membership Newsletter

    Companion to the Division's Journal of juried scholarship is the quarterly newsletter. Maria Russell of Syracuse served as 1987-88 newsletter editor and 1993-94 Division head. Following the newsletter's "lost years" of 1988-91, for which editors are as yet unidentified, Richard Alan Nelson of LSU was 1991-93 editor and 1994-95 Division head.

    1991-93 Newsletter Editor
    1994-95 Division Head
    RICHARD ALAN NELSON

    Louisiana State University Kansas State University • University of Houston • International Telecommunications Research Institute Ph.D. Florida State University • M.A. Brigham Young University • B.A. Stanford University

    Nelson, APR, is a dual citizen of the U.S. and the European Union (Ireland). He is also an internationally known business communication and public affairs educator and consultant. Currently he is a professor in LSU's Manship School of Mass Communication and heads its public relations area. Previously, as associate dean for graduate studies and research, he supervised creation of a Ph.D. program at LSU.

    Nelson's research focuses on business public policy, strategic planning, management, ethics and political communications issues. He is the author of more than 60 articles, essays and reports. He is co-author of Issues Management: Corporate Public Policymaking in an Information Society, and he has individually written several books, including A Chronology and Glossary of Propaganda in the United States, Florida and the American Motion Picture Industry, Propaganda: A Reference Guide, and Lights! Camera! Florida! Since fall 1999, Nelson has been editor of the refereed Journal of Promotion Management, as well as a related promotion management book series. Nelson is also editor of the Journal of Website Promotion. In 1999, the Journal of Public Relations Research recognized Nelson as one of PR's top 50 most influential scholars.

    Following Nelson's two years as newsletter editor were the late Susanne Roschwalb (1993-94) of American University, H. Allen White (1994-95) of Murray State, Joseph Basso (1987) of Towson State and later of Villanova, and Barbara DeSanto (1988-89) of Oklahoma State and later North Carolina-Charlotte. DeSanto was also 1999-2000 Division head. The current editor of the PR Update News Journal, Susan Gonders of Southeast Missouri State University, has served since 1999.

    1999-present Newsletter Editor
    SUSAN GONDERS

    Southeast Missouri State University (1994-present) Rose State (Okla.) College (1985-92) • University of Oklahoma (1990-93) • University of Central Oklahoma (1988-90) Ed.D. summa cum laude Oklahoma State University (1995) • M.Ed. summa cum laude University of Central Oklahoma (1991) • B.A. University of Oklahoma (1973) Oklahoma State Home Builders Association • Gonders & Associates Publishers • Gonders Graphex

    Professionally, Gonders specializes in graphics and is the author of a chapter on graphics in the third edition of the PRSA Educators Academy book, Learning to Teach (2003). She also wrote the textbook, A Guide to Publication Design.
    Bringing into academe a quarter-century of professional experience in the Oklahoma City area, serving more than 300 clients, Gonders has taken her department's PRSSA chapter into national prominence, hosting the 1996 National Conference, 1999 Regional Sports Promotion Conference in St. Louis and the 2001 Regional Entertainment Promotion Conference in Branson. She heads the PR option in Southeast Missouri's Department of Communication.
    Her primary areas of research have focused on U.S. presidents and Robert M. Hutchins. Her work on Hutchins Plan education philosophy has been published in such higher ed journals as the Review of Higher Education and Educational Studies, and her work on Hutchins Commission press philosophy has found forum in communication circles, including ASJMC's Insights.

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    Teaching Public Relations

    Inserted in each issue of PR Update is a Teaching Public Relations monograph. TPR papers are accepted based upon editorial board evaluations, but papers selected for the PRD's top teaching sessions at AEJMC's national convention can be published without further review if edited to meet monograph specifications. Jim Grunig's early co-author, Todd Hunt of Rutgers, edited the first 38 TPR issues (1988-94) and was 1990-91 Division head. As 1994-2001 editor, Gay Wakefield of TCU edited 14 issues (Nos. 39-52).

    1994-01 TPR Editor
    DEBORAH GAY WAKEFIELD

    Texas Christian University (1997-present) Butler University-Indianapolis (1989-97) • Southern Illinois University-Carbondale (1984-89) • Central Missouri State University (1983-84) • East Texas State University (1976-77, 1981-83) • Tarrant County (Texas) Junior College (1975, 1980-81) • Tarleton State University (1975-76) Ed.D. East Texas State University (now Texas A&M-Commerce, 1983) • M.S. Texas Christian University (1975) • BFA cum laude Texas Christian University (1974) U.S. Department of Defense (1991-96) • Pro-Indianapolis (1990-96) • Liaison Communication-Texas (1980-83) • DBG&H Unlimited-Dallas (1980-81) • Hyatt Regency-Dallas/Reunion Tower/Union Station (1978-79)

    After more than a decade teaching and advising PRSSA chapters in Missouri, Illinois and Indiana, Wakefield returned to TCU (and her birthplace of Ft. Worth) in 1997. She is director of the Center for Professional Communication in TCU's Neeley School of Business.

    Prior to turning her career toward education, Wakefield directed advertising and PR for the Hyatt Regency Dallas, Reunion Tower and the Union Station complex, then worked in Creative Services for DBG&H Unlimited in Dallas. She served as CEO of Expressions Unlimited in Arlington, Liaison Communication in East Texas and Missouri, Wakefield Associates in Illinois, and PRo in Indianapolis.

    With dozens of research articles, professional presentations and desktop manuals to her credit, Wakefield's primary research interests are ethical decision-making, intercultural communication, and learning outcomes assessment and initiatives. Her work has been published in such journals as Business Research Yearbook, Public Relations Review, Central States Speech Journal and Resources in Education.

    2001-03 TPR Editor
    LINDA MORTON

    University of Oklahoma (1994-present) Ed.D. Oklahoma State University • M.A. Arkansas State University • B.A. Northeastern Oklahoma State University

    Current TPR editor Linda Morton will complete two and a half years of service and nine monographs (Nos. 53-61) in fall 2003.

    Linda P. Morton, APR, has spent 30 years in higher education – 18 in full-time teaching, five in full-time administration (two with adjunct teaching assignments), and eight years with dual assignments in administration and teaching. All but three years of her administrative experience has been in public relations, serving as director of public relations for two higher education institutions and as a public information officer at another. She is currently a professor in the Gaylord College of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Oklahoma.

    Morton was recently ranked fifth nationally for public relations productivity, and she is among the field's most cited scholars, specializing in applied research primarily on news releases and publications. She has written a column, "Segmenting Publics," for Public Relations Quarterly for five years, and she is author of the textbook, Public Relations Publications: Designing for Target Publics.

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    Miscellanea

    FREE PUBLICITY. Jeff Crilley, an Emmy Award-winning reporter currently with Fox News in Dallas, has written Free Publicity – A TV Reporter Shares the Secrets for Getting Covered on the News. To see how a working TV journalist explains how to "push the buttons" for free publicity, visit www.jeffcrilley.com.

  • Posted June 25, 2003. Maintained at Colorado State University by the AEJMC Public Relations. Web-ster: Kirk Hallahan. All rights reserved.